Direct-electric-current-regulating transformer



Jan. 1. 1929. 1,697,661

A. DELLA RICCIA DIRECT ELECTRIC CURRENT REGULATING TRANSFORMER Original Filed April 19, 1923 17mm mm l l l l l lllllll mum? lYz

Patented Jan. 1, 1929.

NT OFFICE.

ANGELO DELLA RICCIA,OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

FIRECT-ELECTRIC-CURRENT-REGULATING TRANSFORMER.

Original application filed April 19, 1923, Serial No. 633,184, and in France March 15, 1923. Divided and this application filed January 4, 1926. Serial No. 79,263.

The present invention is a division of my earlier application Serial No. 633,184 filed April 19, 1923.

In my earlier copending application for Patent Ser. No. 519,558 filed Dec. 2nd 1921, I described a direct current regulating transformer or pressure splitting device with symmetrically divided'fiux operating in connection with electrical apparatus divided into two equal groups in order to control their supply at variable pressure by utilizing direct current of a main line at a normally constant voltage. In said application, I particularly described said transformer as applied to the control of motors for traction, hoisting and other similar purposes; but said transformer can "as well be utilized for many other purposes, for instance for the control of storage batteries on charge and discharge.

My present invention relates to the control for charging and discharging storage bat-' teries by means of a direct current transformer or pressure splitting device accord-. "ing to my above mentioned main application.

The annexed drawings represent one preferred embodiment of the invention in which Figs. 1 and 2 show two kinds of connections (crossed and straight connections) the first named or'crossed connectio-n'being particularly adapted for charging, and the second, or straight connect-ion for discharging in the. case where charge or discharge is to be made without interruption; both said kinds of connections being equally adapted for charge and discharge when charging and discharging occurs alternately asin a buffer battery.

The transformer, of the motor generator type, comprises four armatures or armature parts, two end parts A A and two intermediate parts A A (which for convenience may be joined to form a single part, hereafter. referred tov as A said parts being mounted on a. common shaft and connected in series between the terminals of 'the main line.

The battery is divided in two equal groups B, and B mounted in shunt with the supply line 1014:; each group is connected on one side invariably to the corresponding conductor of the line, and on the other side, by connections which sometimes are direct and sometimes crossed, to the intermediate the respective armature charging or transforl'ner, and symmetrically the battery group B on the whole A +A +A (crossed connections Fig. 1),

I i or at other. times for instance for charging purposes the battery group B can be connected only on the extreme part A and the battery group g, 0151);; on the part A (direct connections The fluxes and 0 which pass through parts A and A are regulated so that 0 0,; the fluxes 0 and which pass through the respective armature parts A, and A are regulated so that (0 50!. Assuming the pressure of the main line to be substantially constant, all the fluxes will be regulated so that the total flux 0 0 (D "will be constant.

The different fluxes in'the various armature parts can be regulated duringthe operation so that each half of the battery shall be subjected to a gradually increasing pressure comprised between V and V (supposing Vto be, the main line voltage) during the charge, and to a gradually decreasing pressure comprised between Vand 0 during the discharge, wherein the extreme voltage V and O are obviously not attained.

The arrangement may also be used for the charge'and discharge of the. battery as a buffer. battery.

'I may also, in the case of completecharging or discharging, as well as in that of discharging as buffer battery, provide means whereby automatically to control the charge and discharge by using relays controlled by the difference between the whole or part current of the line and byv means of which the fluxes are regulated so.

as to produce the required result. These means, which will be more fully described hereafter, wliile allowing the voltage to remain constant .at the extreme ends of the whole formed by the battery taken together with the transformer, should generate in the armatures of the transformer thevariations of E. ,M. F. which are necessary to produce the desired modifications of the voltages used on the two halves of the battery in order that those may be properly charged and dis charged. For this purpose, one proceeds (Figs. 1 and 2) by adding to the exciting windings in shunt provided with field rheostats 7', r r r suitable compound wind ings s t whereof the first are supplied by the whole or a part (by means of a shunt- S) of the current supplied by the generators D of the central station, and the second by the whole or a part (by a shunt T) of'tho current absorbed by the main line; the con'ipound windings s s t t, of the armatures A A5 are respectively g, 0, O, 5 when the currents at S and T are such that the battery remains inactive.

When the current required from the lines exceeds the normal capacity of the generators in the station, i. e. when the currents at S and T are such thatthe battery is to dis charge (direct connections/through the contacts X Z X Z Fig. 2, first example) the pressures at the ends of the armature part-s A A A A should vary, according to the value of the current at T, between g, 0, Q,

5 and g-d, d, d, g -d respectively 2 (Z being the discharge voltage of onehalf the battery used as a buffer) gas the windings? s s "s act in a nearly constant manner, the windings t t t. t should therefore be predetermined in order to realize the above conditions. I

When the normal current of the said generators exceed the current necessary for the line i. ewhen the currents at S and T are such that the battery can be charged (crossed connections, and contactsY Z Y Z Fig. 1 second example) the pressures at the ends of the armatures A A A A, should vary, 1

' V mediate terminals b b 'of the half-batteries,

6 respectively according to the current at S between V V V V ra -2* s oltage' of one half the battery used as a c+-c+c= +c' being the -charging whilst the various windings 6 remain inactive. But for the complete charging which requires the pressures g;, f, f, f

( g-:f-lf-l-f= g being the voltage for the complete charging of one-half the battery, f having about double the value of 0) one may employ'the excitations in shunt 25' in which case the windings .9 serving only to allow the four pressures to be brought to the 1 r ya nos 2 ing as a butter.

V -0, c, 0,. 0 relative to the chin-g ,sl 1t it is desired to use the same arrangement for chargingand discharging the ban Lory sometimes with straight connections, sometimes with crossed connections it is sufticient to provide a reversing switch in the conductor passing from S to windings s and a reversing switch 2' in the conductor passing from T to the windings t. v

The operation-of the contacts X X Y Y for making the crossed connections for charge and the straight connections for discharge may at will and without any difliculties be made automatic.

For this purpose, and in the example set forth, the cont-act pieces X X Y Y consist 9 of movable cores or are controlled by the movable cores of four difierential solenoids 11 ca -o u 'v u 'o u The windings u are supplied by the whole or a part (by the shunt U) of the current from the said gcnerators D; the windings o are supplied by the whole or a part (by the shunt V) of the current absorbed by the main line. When the current in V exceeds the current in U, the battery should discharge. The arrangement is such that the differential windings u, '21, and a '0 shall thus maintain the contacts X Z and X Z which connect the intermediate terminals 6 72 of the half-batteries respectively with the intermediate points 11 in a crossed manner, respectively with the intermediate points 13 and .11 of the transforming machine (Fig. 1). The same equipment may be used to operate the reversing switches between S and s and between T and t. simultaneously with the contacts X Y Z,- and X -Y Z When a complete charging or discharging tribiiting' line, the two end armature wind of the battery is not desired but only a use I as a buffer battery between two voltages little distinct (higher and lower) of the un varying current of the generator, the automatic contact pieces X X Y Y can be suppressed, because the straight connections and the crossed connections caneach be used for charging and discharging.

In fact, the compound windings 8 -8 8 8 and t t t "'t permit the transition from charging to dischargingfi. e. the applying of a voltage little lower or little higher than the unvarying voltage of the generator to the terminals of each group B and B by means of the variations that said windings produce in the voltages supplied by the armatures A, A, A, A when the current absorbed by the supply passing through the windings t tend to be lower than the current passing through the windings s and vice versa.

' Assuming 2Z to be'the voltage of the generators and the mean voltage of the battery (i. e. Z for each group) and 22 the quantity whose said voltage 2Z of the battery vary on more or on less (2 for each group), the voltages of the various elements of the 'device must, at transition from charging vary as follows:

1.' In the caseof straight connections (i. c. applying of the voltage of A or A to the terminals or group B or B charging to dis A1 or A; A2, or Af'l B1 or B3 B1+Bz Charging 4. 2+2 'z Z+z 2(Z+2) State of equilibrium Z 0 Z 2Z Discharging Z+z +2 Z-z 2(Z-z) 2. In the case of crossed connections (i. e. applying of the voltage of A +A- +A or A +A "+A to the terminals of group B or B Charging";

-0. Z-2 +2 Z+2- '2(Z+2) State of equilibrium Z a Z 2Z iseha'rging Z-z 2 2-2 2(Z-z) In the'first case the transition from charging to discharging is realized by decrease of the voltage of A or A in the second case by increase of said voltage. It istherefore necessary that the windings s and tact in contraryvsense according as one use continually straight or continually crossed WllldlIlgS.

The reversing switches j and 7; permit, for

of the. current this purpose, the reversing sense on the circuits. 8 and t.

. I claim' 1.- In combination, a direct current regulating transf tWO diate armature Windingsmounted on'{th shaft and connected in series betweenJ-theftwoterminals 'of the main disormer comprising twoend. andings and the intermediate windings being arranged in a symmetrical and equal manner with respect to the two terminals of the line, respective fields'for all said windings,

-means to vary in a like manner the fluxes through the two end armature windingsand in a like manner but in a contrary sense the ,fluxes through the intermediate windings, a

storage battery divided into two equal parts the outer terminals of which are permanently connected to the two outer terminals of the transformer whilst the intermediate terminals are variably (with either direct or crossed connections) connected to the intcrmediate terminals of said transformer, the different fluxes in the various armature sections of said transformer being so'regulated that each half of the battery shall be subjected to a gradually increasing tension which is comprised between V and V during the charging, and to a gradually decreasing tension which' is comprised between V and 0 during the discharge.

2. In combination, a direct current regulating transformer comprising two end and two intermediate armature windings mounted 'on the same shaft and connected in series between the two terminals of the main dis- 1 vtributing line, the two end armature Wind- 1y connected to the two outer terminals ofthe transformer whilst the intermediate terr V minals are variably (with either direct or crossed connections) connected to the inter mediate terminals of sa1d transformer, the

difierent fluxes in the various armature sections of sa1d transformer being so regulated that each half of the battery shallbe subjected to a gradually increasing tension which is comprised between V and V during the charging, and to a gradually decreasing tension which, is comprised between V and 0 during thedischarge, and, in'

addition to the excitation windings connected in shunt for the difi'erent armature sections of the transformer, compound windings, whereof a certain by current furnished by the generators of the central station, sorbed by the power line, the compound windings pertaining to the' end armatures of the transformer being caused to act in the number are supplied and the others by' current ab contrary sense to the windings pertaining to 3. In combination, a direct current regulating transformer comprising two end and two intermediate armature windings mounted on the same shaft and connected in series between the two terminals of the main distributing line, the two end armature windings and the intermediate windings being arranged in a symmetrical and equal manner with respect to the two terminals of the line, respective fields for all said windings, means to vary in a like manner the fluxes through the two end armature windings and in a like manner but in a contrary sense the fluxes throughthe intermediate windings, a storage battery divided into two equal parts the outer terminals of which are permanently connected to the two outer terminals of the transformer whilst the intermediate terminals are variably (with either direct or crossed connect-ions) connected to the intermediate terminals of said transformer, the different fluxes in the various armature sections of said transformer being so regulated that each half of the battery shall be'subjected to a gradually increasing tension which is comprised between V and V during the charging, and to a gradually decreasing tension which is comprised between% V ANGELO DELLA RICCIA.

the generator and of that absorbed 

